On The Conflict Between Artistic License And Fidelity To A Classic Work

The imminent release of Christopher Nolan’s film The Odyssey on July 17 has ignited a vigorous and necessary debate regarding the tension between artistic license and the importance of fidelity to a classic text.  It is a question of old date.  But while every generation has felt the compulsion to interpret anew the literary monuments of the past, they have often hesitated, out of respect for the antiquity of these monuments, to tamper unduly with the words and sentiments contained within them.

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The Climacterics

The word climacteric is not one commonly encountered.  The Oxford English Dictionary describes its variegated colors of meaning.  A consultation with Volume II of the 1970 edition (covering the letter C) informs us that the word is an adjective “applied to that period of life (usually between the ages of 45 and 60) at which the vital forces begin to decline.” 

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The Availability Of Information Does Not Equate To Its Effective Employment

Dear Sir:

Some recent news reports have occasioned me to call attention to a principle of learning which, in our era of existential unease and fracture, often escapes notice.  A professor at an institution of higher learning, we have been told, worries that he may not be able to “compete” (as he says) with the volumes of information made available to his students by the machines of artificial intelligence.  In this I think his fears are misplaced, and that he need not heat his mind to such a state of fretful ebullition; and I will attempt, with a few disjointed thoughts and unconnected meanderings, to explain why I believe this to be so.

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Rise From The Earth, And Fly As A Victor

The progress of duncery is geometric, while knowledge and understanding advance, if at all, with arithmetic slowness.  He who demands acute perception from the overwhelming mass of humanity will find himself crushed in disappointments, and immersed in doleful ruminations.

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Trivial Characters Never Disparage Themselves

In his treatise on medicine, the Roman writer Celsus digresses to make a shrewd observation on the behavior of personalities of rare distinction.  He happened to note, in the writings of Hippocrates, that the great Greek doctor once confessed to having been misled by the presence of sutures in a patient.  Such a comment might have passed without notice with any other reader; but Celsus was a perceptive observer and a man of broad sophistication.  He ventured the following remarks:

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The Whisperers In Darkness

Some conceptions are possessed of such awesome magnitude and gravity that the mind can only with difficulty apprehend their sublime grandeur.  I would like to share one such idea. 

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The Story Of Zopyrus

The tale of the Persian nobleman Zopyrus appears in the third book of Herodotus, from chapter 150 to 160.  We will relate it here, with no justification beyond the insight it may provide on human nature. 

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Lone Founts

If someone were to ask me why I read history, my reply would be in three words:  solace, advice, and examples for our edification.  Let me explain further.

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The Decline Of Poetry

Poetry is not the “draw” it once was.  In the nineteenth century, it was relatively common for poetic works to be taught in schools, to be memorized in whole or in part, and to be the subject of public readings.  No longer.  One would today be hard-pressed to name any modern poets who have achieved the same level of notoriety that successful writers of prose have attained.  We no longer hear of poets commemorating notable events or celebrating public figures; school children are not required to memorize verses; and a general air of archaism seems to hover over the literary form. What is produced seems bereft of recognizable meter, allure, or skill in creation. 

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The Banners Of The King Of Hell Go Forth

In the thirty-fourth canto of Dante’s Inferno, our intrepid tourists Dante and Virgil find themselves at the very bottom of Hell’s ninth circle, known as Judecca, a name derived from Judas Iscariot.  With his enthusiasm for classification and categories, Dante has given us names for the different parts of the ninth circle, in which are housed particular types of traitors:  Caina (for traitors to family), Antenora (for traitors to country), Ptolomaea (for betrayers of guests), and Judecca (for traitors to benefactors).

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